Kungani izibani zethu ze-LED zingakhanyi? Ukuhlaziywa kwesimiso sobuchwepheshe bokushayela okungakhanyi

I. Isingeniso: Izingozi Ezifihliwe Zokukhanya kanye Namaphuzu Obuhlungu Ayinhloko Abasebenzisi
1.1Iyini imiphumela yokuphazima kwemigqa yokukhanya ye-LED?
I-Flicker ibhekisela esimweni lapho ukukhanya kokukhishwa kwesibani se-LED kushintshashintsha ngokushesha nangokuqhubekayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ingqikithi yayo ukukhanya okushintshashintshayo kanye nobumnyama okubangelwa ugesi wokushayela ongazinzile. Lokhu kushintshashintsha kungase kungabonakali emehlweni noma kubonakale njengokuphazima okuhlukile. Ngokusho kwe-International Commission on Illumination (CIE) TN 006-2016 standard, lapho imvamisa yokuphazima idlula i-125Hz, iso lomuntu ngokuvamile alikwazi ukukubona, kodwa ukuphazima okufihliwe kungase kube nemiphumela emibi.

1.2 Izingozi Ezingaba Khona Zemiphumela Ye-Stroboscopic Empilweni Nasempilweni
I-flasher enemvamisa ephansi (100Hz - 120Hz) kungenzeka ibangele ukukhathala kwamehlo, ikhanda elibuhlungu, amehlo omile kanye nokunye ukungakhululeki. Ukuchayeka kuyo isikhathi eside kuzokwandisa umthwalo emehlweni. I-flasher enemvamisa ephezulu (>1kHz), nakuba ingabonakali emehlweni, ingabangela imivimbo kanye namabhande amnyama ngesikhathi sokudubula ngesivinini esikhulu, futhi ingaphazamisa nesigqi somzimba, ivimbele ukukhiqizwa kwe-melatonin, futhi ithinte ikhwalithi yokulala. Kubantu abanokuzwela kwe-photosensitivity, i-flasher enemvamisa ephansi ingandisa nengozi yokuhlaselwa yisifo sokuwa. Kubantwana, ukuchayeka isikhathi eside kungasheshisa ukuqhubeka kwe-myopia.

1.3 Kungani imichilo eminingi yokukhanya inenkinga yokuphazima?
Imichilo eminingi yokukhanya ye-LED emakethe inengozi yokukhazimula. Izizathu eziyinhloko zingafingqwa ngamaphuzu amathathu: Okokuqala, ukulawula izindleko. Imikhiqizo ephansi inciphisa inani lama-capacitor okuhlunga futhi isebenzisa ama-chip okushayela ashibhile, angakwazi ukucindezela ama-voltage ripples; Okwesibili, ukuhambisana okungekuhle nokukhazimula. Amaza okukhanya kwe-PWM avamile aphansi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zokukhanya okuphansi, okuholela ekukhazimula okusobala; Okwesithathu, amaphutha okuklama. Ukunikezwa kwamandla kanye nomcu wokukhanya akuhambisani kahle, futhi ukulahlekelwa kwamandla kwekhebula elide akukhokhelwa, okuholela ekuzinzeni kwamandla kagesi okunganele.

II. Ukuhlaziywa Okuyinhloko: Izimbangela Eziyisisekelo Zokukhanya Kwe-LED Strip Light
2.1 Ukungazinzi Komsinga: Imbangela Eyinhloko Yokukhanya
Ukukhanya okukhulu kwe-LED kulawulwa ngokuphelele ugesi oshayelayo. Uma kukhona ukuguquguquka kogesi, ukukhanya okuphumayo kuzoshintsha ngokungenakugwenywa. Iningi lezibani ze-LED zidinga ukuguqula amandla amakhulu e-AC angu-220V abe ugesi we-12V/24V DC. Uma ukwakheka kwezingxenye zokulungisa, ukuhlunga, kanye nokulawula ugesi oqhubekayo kungaphelele, kuzoholela ekushintsheni kogesi, futhi kamuva kubangele ukucwayiza.

2.2 Izinhlobo Ezimbili Zokukhanya Okuvamile Nezimbangela Zazo
I-Low-frequency flicker (100Hz - 120Hz): Lokhu kubangelwa kakhulu ukuhlungwa okunganele kwe-voltage ripple ngemva kokulungiswa, kanye nezingxenye ze-AC ezisele ezibangela ukuguquguquka kwamanje. Kuvame ukubonakala ezimpahleni zamandla ezishibhile ezingenawo ama-capacitor e-electrolytic noma ezingenawo amandla anele. Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside ezimpahleni zamandla ezinjalo kungabangela ukukhathala kalula.
I-High-frequency flicker (>1kHz): Lokhu kuvame kakhulu ezimweni zokufiphaza kwe-PWM. Ngisho nezimpawu ze-PWM eziphansi (<200Hz) ezingabonakali emehlweni angabonakali zingaveza izinkinga ngesikhathi sokudubula. Eminye imikhiqizo ingase ikhiqize umsindo ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-harmonic, okwenza kube nzima nakakhulu ukufiphala.

2.3 Izinto Ezinethonya Ezengeziwe
Ngaphandle kwezinkinga zokushayela eziyinhloko, ubude bekhebula, ukuhambisana kwesistimu yokufiphaza, kanye nokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (EMC) nakho kungabangela ukufiphaza. Isibonelo, uma imichilo yokukhanya engu-12V idlula amamitha angu-5 ngaphandle kokunxeshezelwa kwe-voltage, idrayivu yamanje engaguquki izobe ingazinzile ngenxa yokulahlekelwa yi-voltage; abalawuli abangahlakaniphile abanazo imisebenzi yokufiphaza imvamisa ephezulu, okungase kubangele ukungqubuzana nemichilo yokukhanya.

III. Ukuthuthukiswa Kobuchwepheshe: Isixazululo Sethu Esiyinhloko Se-Idrayivu Engashisi
3.1 Isimiso Esiyinhloko: Ingqikithi yokungafiphazi “i-steady current + i-waveform ehlanzekile”
Ukusebenza kwangempela okungenazibani akugcini nje ngokwandisa imvamisa yokukhanya. Esikhundleni salokho, kufeza lokhu ngokusebenzisa ukulungiswa kwehadiwe kanye nokulawulwa kwe-algorithm, ukuqinisekisa ukuphuma okuzinzile komsinga wokushayela, ngaleyo ndlela kugcinwa i-waveform yamanje ebushelelezi ngaphandle kokushintshashintsha okukhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kucatshangelwa ukusebenza kokukhanya okufiphele, ukusebenza kahle kwamandla, kanye nezindinganiso zokuhambisana kwe-electromagnetic. Lokhu kudinga intuthuko yokubambisana ezicini eziningi zobuchwepheshe.

3.2 Ukuthuthukisa Ihadiwe: Ukucindezela Ukukhanya Emthonjeni
3.2.1 Ukukhethwa kwama-Chip Okushayela Amanje Aqondile Kakhulu
Ngokusebenzisa ama-chip okulawula ugesi oqhubekayo osebenza kahle kakhulu njenge-TI TPS92662, kuhlanganiswe nesakhiwo se-topology se-Buck/Flyback step-up/down, kufinyelelwa ukulawulwa kogesi ongaphansi kuka-1%. Isilinganiso sokucindezela ugesi ogelezayo sidlula i-60dB, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ugesi ogelezayo uzinzile futhi awuphazamiseki. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isekethe yokulawula impendulo ihlanganiswe ukuze iqaphe izinguquko zamanje ngesikhathi sangempela futhi ibuyisele ngokuguquguquka kogesi kanye nokwehluka komthwalo.

3.2.2 Umklamo Wokuhlunga Oqinisiwe kanye Nokugcina Amandla
Emaphethelweni okufaka amandla, kulungiswa i-capacitor ye-electrolytic ene-voltage ephezulu. Emaphethelweni okukhipha, i-capacitor yesihlungi esine-frequency ephezulu ixhunywe ngokuhambisana. Inethiwekhi yokuhlunga ekabili ilungisa kahle i-voltage ripple futhi igweme ukusala kwezingxenye ze-AC. Ngokuphathelene nendaba yokuphila kwe-capacitor, kukhethwa ama-capacitor e-electrolytic empilo ende, futhi ukwakheka kwesekethe kwenziwa ngcono ukuze kulinganiswe umthamo we-capacitor kanye nevolumu yomkhiqizo. Lokhu kuqinisekisa umphumela wokuhlunga ngenkathi kwandiswe isikhathi sokuphila sonke.

3.2.3 Imodyuli Yomthombo Wokukhanya Entsha kanye Nomklamo Wesekethe
Ngokwamukela isakhiwo somthombo wokukhanya ohlanganisiwe "sochungechunge lokuqala oluhambisanayo bese kuba uchungechunge", inkinga yomthwalo ongalingani obangelwa yiphutha le-voltage yokudlulisa phambili (VF) yama-LED light beads iyaxazululwa. Lokhu kugwema ukuguquguquka kokukhanya kwendawo. Esigungwini, ama-diode okubuyisa okusheshayo kanye nama-varistors axhunywe ochungechungeni ukuze kucindezelwe ama-voltage okunyuka kanye nokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic, okuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwamanje futhi kuhlangabezane nezidingo zezindinganiso ze-EMC.

3.3 Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokufiphaza ukukhanya: Ukulinganisela okuhlangenwe nakho okungenakho ukufiphaza kanye nokufiphaza
3.3.1 Uhlelo Oluhlanganisiwe lwe-PWM Ephakeme kanye ne-Linear Dimming
Isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokufiphaza i-PWM obusebenzisa imvamisa ephezulu ye->3kHz, obuhambisana nephrothokholi ye-DMX512. Ngisho nasezimweni zokukhanya okuphansi ezingaphansi kuka-30%, akukho ukufiphaza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ihlanganisa ukufiphaza okuqondile (i-Analog Dimming). Ngokulungisa inani lamanje elingaguquki, ukukhanya kungashintshwa, kugwenywe izingozi ezingaba khona ze-switch waveform ekufiphazeni kwe-PWM yendabuko, futhi kufezwe ukushintsha okungenamthungo okungenakufiphaza kulo lonke ibanga lokukhanya.

3.3.2 Ukuthuthukisa Ukuhambisana Kokufiphaza Okuhlakaniphile
Ihambisana nezinqubo zokufiphaza kwedijithali ezifana ne-DALI kanye ne-0-10V. Ine-algorithm yokubona ehlakaniphile yangaphakathi engakwazi ukulungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo amapharamitha okufiphaza ngokuya ngabalawuli abahlukene ukuze kugwenywe ukungqubuzana kokuhambisana. Ihlukanisa iziteshi ezizimele ze-RGBW ukuze kuncishiswe ukuphazamiseka kwesignali ye-PWM futhi kuqedwe inkinga ye-harmonic resonance lapho imibala eminingi yokukhanya ibekwe ngaphezulu.

3.4 Ukuvikelwa Kwezinga Lesistimu: Ukuqinisekiswa Kokuzinza Okuphelele Kuzo Zonke Izimo
3.4.1 Isinxephezelo Se-Voltage kanye Nokuthuthukiswa Kokunikezwa Kwamandla Omugqa Omude
Ezimweni zokusetshenziswa kwekhebula elide, kwakhiwa isisombululo sokunikezwa kwamandla esijwayelekile: kuma-light strips angu-12V, indawo yokufaka amandla isethwa njalo ngamamitha angu-5; kuma-light strips angu-24V, ukunikezwa kwamandla okwengeziwe kunikezwa njalo ngamamitha ayi-10 ukuze kulungiswe ukulahlekelwa yi-voltage futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ugesi uyafana kulo lonke i-light strip. Imojula yokulawula ifakwe ama-resistors nama-capacitor alungisekayo, angenza ngcono amandla ngokwezimo zomthwalo futhi afinyelele umphumela ozinzile nge-PF > 0.7.

3.4.2 Umklamo Wokuhambisana Kwama-Electromagnetic (EMC)
Ngokwenza ngcono ukwakheka kwesekethe kanye nokulungisa izihlungi zemodi evamile/ehlukile ezilinganiselayo, umphumela wokuhlunga uyathuthukiswa ngenkathi kugwenywa ukungeniswa kwama-ripple engeziwe ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic. Lokhu kufeza imigomo emibili yokuqeda ukufiphaza nokuhlangabezana nezindinganiso ze-EMC, ukubhekana nenselele yobuchwepheshe "yokungalingani phakathi kokuhlunga kanye nempendulo enamandla" embonini.

IV. Ukutholwa Nokuqinisekiswa: Ubufakazi Obungenakunyakaziswa Bekhwalithi Engakhazimuli
4.1 Izindinganiso Zokuhlola Zobungcweti Nezinkomba
Landela ngokuqinile indinganiso ye-IEEE Std 1789-2015 ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iphesenti lokufiphaza lingaphansi kuka-5% kanye nenkomba yokufiphaza ingaphansi kuka-0.05, okuphakeme kakhulu kunomkhawulo wokuphepha embonini. Iqoqo ngalinye lemikhiqizo lidlulile isitifiketi se-TÜV esingafiphazi kanye nesitifiketi sokuhambisana kwe-electromagnetic se-IEC/TR 61547-1, silawula ikhwalithi evela emthonjeni.

4.2 Inqubo Yokuhlola Kathathu
Isigaba se-R&D: Sebenzisa i-oscilloscope ukuhlola i-waveform yamanje eshayelayo, uthole izinkinga ezifihliwe njenge-ripple engu-100Hz, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi i-waveform yamanje izinzile; Isigaba sokukhiqiza: Sebenzisa isibani se-strobe ukuthola iphesenti le-strobing kanye ne-flicker index, bese wenqaba noma yimiphi imikhiqizo engahambisani ngqo; Isigaba sasefektri: Isampula yokuhlolwa kokudubula kwe-smartphone ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ayikho imivimbo yokudubula, amabhande amnyama, njll.

4.3 Abasebenzisi bangaqinisekisa indlela ngokuzimela
Indlela yekhamera yeselula: Vula imodi yevidiyo ehamba kancane yefoni bese uqondisa emgqeni wokukhanya. Uma kungekho mivimbo emnyama nemhlophe ecacile, kufakazela ukuthi akukho ukukhanya okusobala. Indlela yesipiliyoni sesikhathi eside: Sebenzisa njalo amahora angaphezu kwama-3 ngaphandle kokukhathala kwamehlo noma izimpawu zekhanda, okuhlangabezana nezidingo zokukhanya okunempilo.

V. Izinzuzo Zomkhiqizo: Inani Lobuchwepheshe Obungenawo Ukukhanya
5.1 Ukuvikelwa Kwezempilo: Kufanelekela Bonke Abantu
Ngaphandle kokukhanya okukhanyayo, igwema ukukhathala kwamehlo kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu, njll., futhi ifaneleka ezimweni ezifana nezifundo zezingane kanye nokukhanyisa ehhovisi, kanye nokuphila kwabantu asebekhulile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isusa ingozi yokubangela isifo sokuwa esithinta ukukhanya, inikeze indawo yokukhanya ephephile kumaqembu azwelayo.

5.2 Ukuzivumelanisa Nobungcweti: Ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokudubula kanye nezimo ezikhethekile
Akukho ukufiphaza okufihliwe okuvamise ukuvama. Ezimweni ezifana nokuthwebula izithombe, ukusakaza bukhoma, kanye nokukhanya kombukiso, kungavimbela ilensi ekubambeni imivimbo noma amabhande amnyama, okuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yesithombe esizinzile; ububanzi bokukhanya obugcwele abunakufiphaza, futhi bufanele izidingo ezahlukahlukene njengokufiphaza kwe-ambient kanye nokukhanya kwasebusuku.

5.3 Ukuzinza Kwesikhathi Eside: Ukwandisa Isikhathi Sokuphila Komkhiqizo
Ugesi ozinzile unciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwezibani ze-LED. Uma kuhlanganiswa nama-chip omshayeli ahlala isikhathi eside nama-capacitor, impilo yesevisi yomkhiqizo ikhuphuka ngaphezu kuka-30% uma kuqhathaniswa nemichilo yokukhanya evamile. Isinxephezelo se-voltage kanye nomklamo wokulwa nokuphazamiseka kwenza ukuthi ihambisane nokufakwa kwekhebula elingamamitha angu-5-20 ubude, okuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuhlobisa isikhala esikhulu.

Ukungabikho kwe-flicker kuma-light strips e-LED akuyona nje indaba yokuhlanganiswa kwehadiwe; kungumphumela wempumelelo yobuchwepheshe ebanzi ehilela i-topology yamandla, amanethiwekhi okuhlunga, ukulawulwa kokufiphala, kanye nokuhambisana kwe-electromagnetic. Sihlala senqaba ukuyekethisa ezindleleni futhi sinikeza abasebenzisi "okungabonakali emehlweni, ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokutholwa, kanye nokuzivumelanisa ngokugcwele nezimo ezahlukahlukene" ama-light strips e-LED ngaphandle kwe-flicker, okuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke imisebe yokukhanya iyathandeka futhi inempilo.
Uma ubhekene nezinkinga ezikhanya kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuhlobisa ikhaya noma ngesikhathi sokukhanyisa kwezentengiselwano, sicela ukhululeke ukwenza kanjalo.bonisanaithimba lethu lobuchwepheshe ukuthola izixazululo zokukhanyisa ezingenziwa ngokwezifiso ezingenalo ukukhanya.

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