Ingabe umugqa wokukhanya we-LED obonisa imibala ephezulu ubalulekile?

Lapho bekhetha imichilo yokukhanya ye-LED, abantu abaningi bavame ukugxila ekukhanyeni, izinga lokushisa lombala, kanye nesilinganiso sokuvimbela amanzi, kodwa bavame ukunganaki ipharamitha ebalulekile - inkomba yokunikeza umbala (i-CRI). Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi "uma nje ingakhipha ukukhanya futhi ikhanya ngokwanele, ilungile ngokwanele", kanti abanye baphikisana ngokuthi i-CRI ephezulu iyichitha imali. Eqinisweni, inkomba yokunikeza umbala inquma ngqo "ikhono lokukhiqiza kabusha" lokukhanya. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungokokuhlobisa ikhaya, ukubonisa kwezentengiselwano, noma izimo zobungcweti, ukubalulekaimichilo yokukhanya ye-LED ye-CRI ephezuluKudlula kakhulu ukucabanga. Lesi sihloko sizophendula ngokuphelele umbuzo oyinhloko othi “Ingabe umugqa wokukhanya we-LED we-CRI ephezulu ubalulekile?” kusukela ezilinganisweni ezifana nomqondo, ukubaluleka, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo, kanye namasu okukhetha, okukusiza ukuthi ugweme ukuthenga amaphutha nokukhetha imicu yokukhanya esezingeni eliphezulu ehlangabezana nezidingo zakho zokuzivumelanisa nezimo.

1. Iyini inkomba yokunikeza umbala (i-CRI) yemigqa yokukhanya ye-LED?
1.1 Incazelo Eyinhloko Yenkomba Yokunikeza Umbala
I-Color Rendering Index (CRI), eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Color Rendering Index, iyisilinganiso esiyinhloko sokuhlola ikhono lomthombo wokukhanya lokumelela ngokunembile imibala yangempela yezinto. Ilinganiswa ngokukhanya kwemvelo (nge-CRI engu-100 ebhekwa njengendinganiso yokubhekisela), futhi inani lisukela ku-0 kuya ku-100. Uma inani lisondela ku-100, izinga lokukhiqizwa kombala ngumthombo wokukhanya liyanda, futhi umbala wento engaphansi kokukhanya usondela kakhulu esimweni sangempela ngaphansi kokukhanya kwemvelo; ngokuphambene nalokho, lapho inani liphansi, kuzoba nokuphazamiseka kombala kanye nokuphambuka kombala okwengeziwe, futhi into ingase ibonakale ingabonakali futhi ingenalo ukujula.

1.2 Incazelo ye-High Color Rendering Index (Indinganiso Yemboni)
Embonini, inkomba yokunikeza umbala (i-Ra) ivame ukuthathwa njengendinganiso eyinhloko yokwahlulela. Ngokusekelwe ezimweni zohlelo lokusebenza, ihlukaniswe ngamagremu amathathu, okuhlukanisa ngokusobala phakathi "kokunikeza umbala ojwayelekile" kanye "nokunikeza umbala ophezulu":
●- Umdwebo wombala ojwayelekile: Ra< 80. Umphumela wokukhiqiza umbala mubi, futhi kukhona ukuthambekela kokuphambuka nokuguquka kombala. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhanyeni kwesikhashana lapho kungadingeki khona imiphumela ebonakalayo (njengezindawo zokugcina impahla, ama-corridor).
●- Ukuboniswa Kombala Ophakathi Kuya Kophezulu: 80 ≤ Ra< 90. Ukukhiqizwa kombala ngokuyisisekelo kuhambisana nezinga elijwayelekile, kufaneleka ezidingweni zokukhanya ezijwayelekile ezidinga umbala ophansi (njengemihubhe evamile, amagumbi okugcina izinto);
●Ukudweba ngombala ophezulu: Ra ≥ 90. Ukudweba ngombala okuhle kakhulu, okukwazi ukwethula ngokunembile umbala wokuqala wezinto. Kuyindlela ekhethwayo yezilungiselelo zasekhaya, zezentengiselwano nezobungcweti. Phakathi kwazo, iRa ≥ 95 ukudweba ngombala okuphezulu kakhulu, okungahlangabezana nezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zokunemba kombala ezimweni ezithile.

1.3 Umbono Ongalungile Odidayo: Inkomba Yokukleliswa Kombala ≠ Ukukhanya / Izinga Lokushisa Lombala
Abasebenzisi abaningi bavame ukudida inkomba yokunikeza umbala nokukhanya (lumens) kanye nokushisa kombala (inani lika-K). Eqinisweni, lawa mapharamitha amathathu azimele ngokuphelele futhi awathintani:
●- Ukukhanya: Lokhu kunquma ukuthi ukukhanya "kukhanya ngokwanele". Uma inani le-lumen liphakeme, ukukhanya kuqina kakhulu.
●- Izinga Lokushisa Lombala: Kunquma uhlobo "olupholile/olufudumele" lokukhanya, njengokukhanya okufudumele okungu-3000K, ukukhanya okungathathi hlangothi okungu-4000K, kanye nokukhanya okupholile okungu-6000K;
●- Inkomba Yokukleliswa Kombala: Lokhu kunquma ukuthi ukukhanya "kunembile" ekukhanyeni kwayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izinga lokukhanya noma izinga lokushisa lombala lingakanani, inkomba yokukhishwa kombala ephezulu iqinisekisa ukuthi imibala yezinto ikhiqizwa ngokunembile.
Isibonelo esilula: Ku-lumen efanayo engu-500, umugqa wokukhanya we-LED ofudumele ongu-3000K, umugqa wokukhanya ojwayelekile one-Ra = 70 uzokwenza izingubo ezibomvu zibonakale ziphuzi kancane, kuyilapho umugqa wokukhanya onombala ophezulu one-Ra = 95 ungaphinda ukhiqize ngokunembile umbala obomvu wokuqala wezingubo. Lona umsebenzi oyinhloko we-Color Rendering Index.

II. Impendulo Eyinhloko: Imichilo yokukhanya ye-LED enemibala ephezulu ibaluleke kakhulu!
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke ekhaya, ukubonisa kwezentengiselwano, noma izilungiselelo zobungcweti, ukubaluleka kwenkomba yokunikeza imibala ephezulu. Imichilo yokukhanya ye-LED isezicini ezintathu eziyinhloko "zokuphinda iqiniso, ukuthuthukisa ulwazi, nokugwema izingozi". Ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezigcizelela ukuthungwa nemiphumela ebonakalayo, inkomba yokunikeza imibala ephezulu akuyona nje "inketho" kodwa "yinto okumele ibe nayo".

2.1 Kwaumhlobiso wasekhaya: Buyisela ukuthungwa kwendawo, qinisekisa induduzo ebonakalayo
Ikhaya yindawo lapho sichitha khona isikhathi esiningi usuku ngalunye. Imichilo yokukhanya ye-LED isetshenziswa kakhulu njengezibani ezizungezile kanye nezibani ezisizayo (njengasezindongeni, ezindongeni zangemuva, emakhabetheni okubonisa, ekhishini, nasemakamelweni okulala). Inkomba yokubonisa imibala ephezulu yenza ikhaya lizizwe lifudumele futhi lisezingeni eliphezulu, kuyilapho futhi livikela impilo yokubona yamalungu omndeni.

2.1.1 Buyisela umbala wokuqala wefenisha ethambile futhi uthuthukise ubuciko bendawo.
Ifenisha yokhuni oluqinile, amasofa endwangu, imidwebo yokuhlobisa, izitshalo eziluhlaza, kanye nezingubo zasekhaya konke kudinga ukukhanya ukuze kuboniswe imibala kanye nokuthungwa kwazo kwasekuqaleni. Imichilo yokukhanya ye-LED enemibala ephezulu ingaphinda kahle uhlamvu lokhuni olufudumele lwefenisha yokhuni, ukuthungwa okubucayi kwendwangu, kanye nezendlalelo zombala zemidwebo yokuhlobisa, okuvumela ukwakheka kokuqala kwefenisha ethambile ukuthi kuboniswe ngokugcwele; kuyilapho imichilo yokukhanya enemibala ephansi izokwenza zonke izinto "zifiphale futhi ziphenduke", futhi ngisho nefenisha ethambile esezingeni eliphezulu izobonakala ishibhile futhi ingathandeki.
Isibonelo, ukufaka imichilo yokukhanya enemibala ephezulu odongeni lwangemuva lwegumbi lokuphumula kungenza imibala yemidwebo yokuhlobisa ikhanye kakhulu futhi imininingwane icace; ukufaka imichilo yokukhanya enemibala ephezulu ekhabetheni lezingubo kanye negumbi lokugqoka kungabuyisela ngokunembile umbala wokuqala wezingubo, kugweme isimo esingathandeki "sokubukeka kahle ngaphansi kokukhanya okwenziwe, kodwa kube nomehluko omkhulu wombala ngaphansi kokukhanya kwemvelo".

2.1.2 Lungiselela ulwazi lokubona futhi unciphise ukukhathala kwamehlo
Izibani ezinenkomba yokubonisa umbala ephansi zingabangela ukuphambuka kombala nokukhanya okungahlelekile. Amehlo kudingeka azivumelanise nemibala ephambukile njalo. Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside ezindaweni ezinjalo kungaholela ekungakhululeki njengokoma, ubuhlungu, nokukhathala, ikakhulukazi ukungabi kuhle ekuboneni kwasebekhulile nezingane. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukukhanya okuvela emigqeni yezibani enenkomba yokubonisa umbala ophezulu kuseduze nokukhanya kwemvelo, kunemibala ethambile nengokoqobo. Amehlo akudingeki azivumelanise ngamabomu. Ngisho noma evezwa ekukhanyeni isikhathi eside, kunganciphisa ngempumelelo ukukhathala kwamehlo futhi kuvikele impilo yokubona yamalungu omndeni.

2.1.3 Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezahlukahlukene zasekhaya, ukulinganisela ukusebenza kahle kanye nobuhle
Ekhaya, yize izidingo zenkomba yokudweba imibala zihluka ezindaweni ezahlukene, ukudweba imibala ephezuluimichilo yokukhanyaingahlangabezana ngokugcwele nalezi zidingo: Ekhishini, kudingeka imichilo yokukhanya enemibala ephezulu ukuze kubuyiselwe umbala wokuqala wezithako, okwenza kube lula ukuhlukanisa ubusha bemifino nombala wenyama; ekamelweni lokulala, imichilo yokukhanya enemibala ephezulu efudumele ingabuyisela ukuthungwa kwesikhumba, idale isimo sokulala esithambile nesikhululekile; kumakhabethe okubonisa (njengobucwebe, izithombe, namaqoqo), imichilo yokukhanya enemibala ephezulu iyadingeka ukuze kugqanyiswe imininingwane kanye nokuthungwa kwezinto.

III. Isifinyezo: Imichilo yokukhanya ye-LED ekhombisa umbala ophezulu – “ukukhetha ukuthungwa” okufanele ukutshalwa kuyo imali
Buyela embuzweni oyinhloko: Ingabe imichilo yokukhanya ye-LED enemibala ephezulu ibalulekile? Impendulo ithi: Ezimweni eziningi, ayibalulekile nje kuphela, kodwa futhi iyisihluthulelo sokuthuthukisa ulwazi nokugqamisa inani.

Akuyona "indlela yokuchitha ubuhlakani", kodwa kunalokho, ngezindleko ezinengqondo, kufinyelela umbala ocacile, isipiliyoni esibonakalayo esikhululekile, kanye nokuthungwa kwesimo okuthuthukisiwe - ekhaya, kwenza indlu ibe mnandi kakhulu; ebhizinisini, kwenza imikhiqizo ikhange kakhulu futhi ithuthukise ukuguqulwa; ezimweni zobungcweti, kuqinisekisa umsebenzi oqondile futhi kugwema amaphutha.
Njengoba ukuphishekela kwabantu ikhwalithi yokuphila kanye nokuthungwa kwendawo kuqhubeka nokukhula, "ukukhanya ngokwanele" akuseyona ukuphela kwesidingo semichilo yokukhanya ye-LED. "Ukuba nembaba ekukhanyeni" kuwukuncintisana okuyinhloko. Ukukhetha imichilo yokukhanya ye-LED enemibala ephezulu kusho ukukhetha indlela yokukhanyisa engcono, ekhululekile, futhi ewusizo kakhulu.

Uma ungakaqiniseki ngokuthi yimuphi umugqa wokukhanya we-LED obonisa umbala ofanele isimo sakho esithile, noma uma ufuna ukuthola amasampula noma izingcaphuno zemicu yokukhanya ye-LED enemibala ephezulu, sicela ukhululeke ukuXhumana nathinganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Sizokunikeza iziphakamiso zokukhetha zobungcweti kanye nezixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakho ezithile. Ngemichilo yokukhanya ye-LED enemibala ephezulu, sizokwakha indawo yokukhanya ekhazimulayo kakhulu kuwe.

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