Ese umurongo w'urumuri rwa LED ufite ibara rihanitse ni ingenzi?

Mu guhitamo imirasire y'urumuri rwa LED, abantu benshi bakunda kwibanda ku mucyo, ubushyuhe bw'amabara, n'igipimo cy'amazi kidapfa, ariko akenshi birengagiza ikintu cy'ingenzi - igipimo cy'amabara (CRI). Hari abantu bibwira ko "igihe cyose gishobora gutanga urumuri kandi kikaba gifite urumuri ruhagije, kiba cyiza bihagije", mu gihe abandi bibaza niba CRI iri hejuru ari ugupfusha ubusa amafaranga. Mu by'ukuri, igipimo cy'amabara kigena mu buryo butaziguye "ubushobozi bwo kongera gukora" bw'urumuri. Byaba ari ugushushanya inzu, kwerekana ibicuruzwa, cyangwa ibintu by'umwuga, akamaro kabyouduce tw'amatara ya LED dufite CRI nyinshiBirenze kure ibyo umuntu atekereza. Iyi nkuru izasubiza mu buryo bwuzuye ikibazo cy'ingenzi "Ese umurongo w'urumuri rwa LED rufite CRI nyinshi ni ingenzi?" uhereye ku bipimo nk'igitekerezo, akamaro, uburyo bwo guhindura ahantu habereye, n'uburyo bwo guhitamo, bigufasha kwirinda amakosa yo kugura no guhitamo imirongo y'urumuri myiza ijyanye n'ibyo ukeneye mu guhindura.

1. Ni iki gipimo cy'amabara (CRI) cy'imirongo y'urumuri rwa LED?
1.1 Ibisobanuro by'ingenzi by'urutonde rw'amabara
Ibara ry’Ishusho ry’Ibara (CRI), rizwi kandi nka Ibara ry’Ishusho ry’Ibara, ni cyo gipimo cy’ingenzi cyo gusuzuma ubushobozi bw’isoko ry’urumuri bwo kwerekana neza amabara nyayo y’ibintu. Ripimirwa ku rumuri rusanzwe (CRI ya 100 ifatwa nk'igipimo ngenderwaho), kandi agaciro karyo kari hagati ya 0 na 100. Uko agaciro kaba kageze kuri 100, ni ko urugero rw’ibara ry’urumuri ruzamuka, kandi uko ibara ry’ikintu kiri munsi y’urumuri rirushaho kwegereza imiterere nyayo y’urumuri rusanzwe; mu buryo bunyuranye, uko agaciro kaba kari hasi, ni ko ibara rirushaho kugorama no guhindagurika kw’amabara, kandi ikintu gishobora no kugaragara nk’ikidasobanutse kandi kidafite uburebure.

1.2 Ibisobanuro by'ikimenyetso cy'ibara ry'ubuziranenge (Indangagaciro z'inganda)
Mu nganda, igipimo cy’ibara (Ra) gikunze gufatwa nk'igipimo cy'ingenzi cyo gusuzuma. Hashingiwe ku buryo bwo gukoresha, gigabanyijemo ibyiciro bitatu, bitandukanya neza "ibara risanzwe" n'"ibara ry'amabara menshi":
●- Ishusho isanzwe y'amabara: Ra< 80. Ingaruka zo kongera kugaragara kw'amabara ni mbi, kandi hari akamenyero ko guhindura amabara no kuyahindura. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu matara y'igihe gito aho ingaruka zigaragara zidakenewe (nk'ububiko, inzira).
●- Ishusho iri hagati kugeza kuri hejuru: 80 ≤ Ra< 90. Uburyo bwo gushushanya amabara muri rusange buri ku rwego rusanzwe, bukwiriye ibikenewe mu matara rusange ariko nta mabara menshi akenewe (nk'aho abantu basanzwe babika ibintu, aho babika ibintu);
●Ishusho y'amabara menshi: Ra ≥ 90. Ifotora y'amabara meza cyane, ishobora kwerekana neza ibara ry'umwimerere ry'ibintu. Ni amahitamo meza cyane mu rugo, mu bucuruzi no mu mwuga. Muri yo, Ra ≥ 95 ni ifoto y'amabara menshi cyane, ishobora kuzuza ibisabwa cyane kugira ngo amabara abe meza mu bihe bimwe na bimwe.

1.3 Igitekerezo Kitari cyo Giteye Urujijo: Ibara Rigaragaza Igipimo ≠ Umucyo / Ubushyuhe bw'Ibara
Abakoresha benshi bakunda kwitiranya imbonerahamwe y’amabara n’urumuri (lumens) n’ubushyuhe bw’amabara (agaciro ka K). Mu by’ukuri, ibi bipimo bitatu birigenga rwose kandi ntibigira ingaruka ku bindi:
●- Umucyo: Ibi bigena niba urumuri "ruringaniye bihagije". Uko urumuri rurushaho kuba rwinshi, niko urumuri rurushaho gukomera.
●- Ubushyuhe bw'ibara: Igaragaza imiterere y'urumuri "rukonje/rushyushye", nk'urumuri rushyushye rwa 3000K, urumuri rudahindagurika rwa 4000K, n'urumuri rukonje rwa 6000K;
●- Imbonerahamwe y'Ibara: Ibi bigena niba urumuri ari "rw'ukuri" mu rumuri rwarwo. Hatitawe ku rwego rw'urumuri cyangwa ubushyuhe bw'amabara, Imbonerahamwe y'Ibara ry'Ibara ryimbitse rituma amabara y'ibintu asubirwamo neza.
Urugero rworoshye: Kuri 500 lumen imwe, 3000K y'urumuri rushyushye rwa LED, uruziga rusanzwe rufite Ra = 70 ruzatuma imyenda itukura isa n'umuhondo muto, mu gihe uruziga rufite amabara menshi rufite Ra = 95 rushobora kwerekana neza ibara ry'umutuku ry'umwimerere ry'imyenda. Iyi ni yo nshingano y'ingenzi ya Color Rendering Index.

II. Igisubizo cy'ingenzi: Uduce tw'urumuri rwa LED dufite amabara menshi ni ingenzi cyane!
Byaba ari ibyo mu rugo rwa buri munsi, mu byuma by’ubucuruzi, cyangwa mu buryo bw’umwuga, akamaro k’imirongo y’urumuri rwa LED ifite amabara menshi iherereye mu ngingo eshatu z’ingenzi zo “kugaragaza ukuri, kongera ubunararibonye, ​​no kwirinda ibyago”. Cyane cyane ku bintu bishimangira imiterere n’ingaruka z’amaso, imiterere ifite amabara menshi si “amahitamo” gusa ahubwo ni “ikintu cy’ingenzi”.

2.1 Kuriimitako yo mu rugo: Garura imiterere y'ahantu, urebe neza ko ubona neza
Urugo niho tumara igihe kinini buri munsi. Uduce tw'amatara ya LED dukoreshwa cyane cyane nk'amatara yo mu kirere n'amatara y'inyongera (nk'ibisenge, inkuta z'inyuma, utubati two kwerekana, ibikoni, n'ibyumba byo kuraramo). Ibara ry'amabara menshi rituma inzu yumva ishyushye kandi igezweho, ndetse rikanarinda ubuzima bwiza bw'isura y'abagize umuryango.

2.1.1 Kugarura ibara ry'umwimerere ry'ibikoresho byoroshye no kunoza uburyo ibintu bimeze neza.
Ibikoresho by'imbaho ​​zikomeye, sofa z'imyenda, amashusho yo gushushanya, ibimera by'icyatsi kibisi, n'imyenda byo mu rugo byose bisaba urumuri kugira ngo hagaragare amabara n'imiterere yabyo by'umwimerere. Imirongo y'urumuri rwa LED ifite amabara menshi ishobora kugaragara neza nk'igiti gishyushye cy'ibikoresho by'imbaho, imiterere yoroshye y'imyenda, n'amabara y'amabara y'amashusho yo gushushanya, bigatuma imiterere y'umwimerere y'ibikoresho byoroshye igaragara neza; mu gihe imirongo y'urumuri ifite amabara make izatuma ibintu byose "bihinduka kandi bigahinduka", ndetse n'ibikoresho byoroshye cyane bizasa n'ibihendutse kandi bidashimishije.
Urugero, gushyiramo utudomo tw'amatara dufite amabara menshi ku rukuta rw'inyuma rw'icyumba cyo kubamo bishobora gutuma amabara y'amashusho y'imitako arushaho kuba meza kandi ibisobanuro birambuye; gushyiramo utudomo tw'amatara dufite amabara menshi mu kabati no mu cyumba cyo kwambariramo bishobora kugarura neza ibara ry'imyenda, birinda ikibazo cyo "kugaragara neza munsi y'urumuri rw'ubukorano, ariko ikagira itandukaniro rikomeye ry'amabara munsi y'urumuri rusanzwe".

2.1.2 Kongera ubushobozi bwo kureba no kugabanya umunaniro w'amaso
Amatara afite ibara rito ashobora gutera ibara rihindagurika n'urumuri rudasobanutse. Amaso agomba guhora amenyera amabara adasobanutse. Kugaragara ahantu nk'aho igihe kirekire bishobora gutera ububabare nko kuma, kubabara no kunanirwa, cyane cyane ko bitanogeye abasaza n'abana kubona neza. Ibinyuranye n'ibyo, urumuri ruturuka ku matara afite ibara rinini ruri hafi y'urumuri rusanzwe, rufite amabara yoroshye kandi afatika. Amaso ntagomba guhinduka nkana. Nubwo agaragara ku rumuri igihe kirekire, ashobora kugabanya umunaniro w'amaso no kurinda ubuzima bw'umuryango.

2.1.3 Ihuze n'imiterere itandukanye yo mu rugo, uhuze imikorere n'ubwiza
Mu rugo, nubwo ibisabwa kugira ngo habeho ibara bitandukanye mu bice bitandukanye, ibara ryinshiuduce tw'urumuriishobora guhaza ibi byose: Mu gikoni, hakenewe utudomo tw'urumuri dufite amabara menshi kugira ngo twongere ibara ry'umwimerere ry'ibintu, bityo byoroshye gutandukanya ubushya bw'imboga n'ibara ry'inyama; mu cyumba cyo kuraramo, utudomo tw'urumuri dufite amabara menshi dushobora gusubiza imiterere y'uruhu, bigatuma habaho ikirere cyoroshye kandi cyiza cyo kuryama; ku tubati two kwerekana (nk'imitako, amashusho, n'amakusanyirizo), utudomo tw'urumuri dufite amabara menshi turakenewe kugira ngo tugaragaze neza ibintu n'imiterere yabyo.

III. Incamake: Uduce tw'urumuri twa LED dufite amabara menshi - "amahitamo y'imiterere" akwiye gushoramo imari
Tugarutse ku kibazo cy'ingenzi: Ese uduce tw'urumuri rwa LED dufite amabara menshi ni ingenzi? Igisubizo ni iki: Ku bihe byinshi, ntabwo ari ingenzi gusa, ahubwo ni ingenzi no kunoza ubunararibonye no kugaragaza agaciro kabyo.

Si "gupfusha ubusa ubwenge", ahubwo, ku giciro gikwiye, bitanga ibara rigaragara neza, bikagira ubunararibonye bwiza bwo kureba, kandi bikagira imiterere igezweho - mu rugo, bituma inzu irushaho kuba nziza; mu bucuruzi, bituma ibicuruzwa birushaho kuba byiza kandi bikongera ihinduka; mu buryo bw'umwuga, bitanga akazi keza kandi birinda amakosa.
Uko abantu bakomeza gushaka ubuzima bwiza n'imiterere y'ahantu hagaragara, "kuba urumuri ruhagije" ntabwo ari cyo kintu cyonyine gikenewe kugira ngo haboneke urumuri rwa LED. "Kuba nyarwo mu rumuri" ni bwo buryo bw'ingenzi bwo guhangana. Guhitamo urumuri rwa LED rufite amabara menshi bivuze guhitamo uburyo bwiza, bworoshye kandi bufite agaciro.

Niba utaramenya neza umurongo w'urumuri rwa LED ugaragaza amabara ukwiriye imiterere yawe, cyangwa niba ushaka kubona ingero cyangwa ibiciro by'urumuri rwa LED rugaragaza amabara menshi, nyamuneka hamagaraTwandikireIgihe icyo ari cyo cyose. Tuzaguha ibitekerezo by’umwuga byo guhitamo hamwe n’ibisubizo byihariye bishingiye ku byo ukeneye. Hamwe n’imirongo y’urumuri rwa LED ifite amabara menshi, tuzaguha ahantu heza ho kugusha urumuri.

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